Shoulder replacement surgery involves replacing the damaged parts of the shoulder joint with artificial components to alleviate pain and improve function. Preparation: Prior to surgery, patients typically attend a pre-assessment clinic where medical history is reviewed, and necessary tests such as blood work and imaging are conducted. Patients are advised to discuss current medications with their healthcare provider, as some may need to be adjusted or paused before the procedure. Fasting guidelines will be provided to ensure the stomach is empty before anesthesia, and arrangements for post-operative transportation and home assistance should be made, as arm mobility will be limited during recovery. Procedure: Performed under general anesthesia, the surgeon makes an incision over the shoulder to access the joint. The damaged humeral head (ball) is removed and replaced with a metal ball, and the glenoid cavity (socket) may also be resurfaced or replaced with a plastic component. The specific type of replacement—total or partial—depends on the extent of joint damage. The procedure typically lasts between one to two hours. Recovery: Post-surgery, the arm is usually supported in a sling to immobilize the joint and aid healing. Pain management is addressed with prescribed medications, and patients are encouraged to begin gentle, guided physiotherapy exercises to restore movement and strength. Regular follow-up appointments are essential to monitor progress. Full recovery can take several months, with most improvement occurring within the first six months, though strength and function may continue to enhance up to a year post-operation.
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